Effect of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Concentration in Experimental Contact Lens--Related Microbial Keratitis

Abstract

Pseudomonas aeruginosa adherence in vitro to perfilcon A (ionic, 71% H₂O) extended wear soft contact lenses— both new and after 7 days of continuous wear on closed rabbit eyes—was found to be related directly to the bacterial concentration in the contaminating solution. Thirty rabbits wore perfilcon A lenses for 7 days with complete lid closure to mimic contact lens overwear. After 7 days, conjunctival cultures showed no growth of pathogens, but all corneas had developed epithelial cell exfoliation and/ or epithelial defects and stromal edema. The lenses were then incubated in various concentrations (10⁷, 10⁶, 10⁵, 10⁴, and 10² colony-forming units per milliliter or saline control; n=5/group) of P. aeruginosa suspensions and replaced on their respective corneas with tarsorrhaphies for an additional 48 h. By day 9, corneal thickness had increased significantly, and P. aeruginosa keratitis had developed in 13 of 25 bacterially exposed eyes but not in 5 control eyes. Although with decreasing P. aeruginosa concentration the prevalence of ulcerative microbial keratitis also decreased, the initial concentration of bacteria or the initial extent of soft contact lens-induced corneal damage had no influence on the ultimate clinical severity of the disease.