MYOSITIS AND MYOPATHIES: Edited by Anthony Rosen and Livia Casciola-Rosen

Critical illness myopathy

Latronico, Nicolaa; Tomelleri, Giulianob; Filosto, Massimilianoc

Author Information

aDivision of Neuroanesthesia and Neurocritical Care, Department of Anesthesia, Intensive Care and Perioperative Medicine, University of Brescia at Spedali Civili, Brescia

bDivision of Clinical Neurology, Department of Neurological, Neuropsychological, Morphological and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona

cDivision of Clinical Neurology, Section for Neuromuscular Diseases and Neuropathies, University of Brescia at Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy

Correspondence to Professor Nicola Latronico, Department of Anesthesia, Intensive Care & Perioperative Medicine, Division of Neuroanesthesia and Neurocritical Care, University of Brescia, Spedali Civili, Piazzale Ospedali Civili, 1, 25123 Brescia, Italy. Tel: +39 030 3995 764/570/841; e-mail: [email protected]

Current Opinion in Rheumatology 24(6):p 616-622, November 2012. | DOI: 10.1097/BOR.0b013e3283588d2f

Abstract

Purpose of review 

To describe the incidence, major risk factors, and the clinical, electrophysiological, and histological features of critical illness myopathy (CIM). Major pathogenetic mechanisms and long-term consequences of CIM are also reviewed.

Recent findings 

CIM is frequently associated with critical illness polyneuropathy (CIP), and may have a relevant impact on patients’ outcome. CIM has an earlier onset than CIP, and recovery is faster. Loss of myosin filaments on muscle biopsy is important to diagnose CIM, and has a good prognosis. Critical illness, use of steroids, and immobility concur in causing CIM.

Summary 

A rationale diagnostic approach to CIM using clinical, electrophysiological, and muscle biopsy investigations is important to plan adequate therapy and to predict recovery.

© 2012 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.

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