Fact or faith?

on the evidence for psychotherapy for adults with intellectual disability and mental health needs

Abstract

Purpose of review 

This article summarizes research and commentaries on psychotherapy for adults with intellectual disabilities published since 2008.

Recent findings 

There have been very few empirical studies of the effectiveness of psychotherapy in this context over recent years despite a strong perception that such approaches are not only necessary but also of great value. There have been some interesting, though so far only suggestive, findings concerning the relationship between intellectual level and suitability for treatment, primarily with cognitive behavioural therapy. Therapies based on mindfulness are emerging as important new developments. Despite their heritage, psychodynamic approaches continue to rely on opinion over evidence to support their use.

Summary 

Research on both processes in therapy and its outcomes needs to be undertaken with renewed vigour if specialist psychotherapy for people with intellectual disability is to flourish, or indeed survive, in the public healthcare system. However, it may have much a broader value for people with intellectual disability, especially those in residential services, than can be easily quantified.