Purpose of review: The understanding of peroneal tendon pathology continues to evolve. Within the last year, several publications have highlighted these clinical problems. A cogent management approach has been developed; however, gaps in the knowledge base exist. Recent clinical and radiographic investigations are summarized in a review of the previous year's literature contributions.

Recent findings: The subjects covered include the management of peroneal tendon dislocations, tears and tendonitis. Surgical techniques are also described. In addition, the utility of magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasonography in diagnosing peroneal abnormalities is evaluated.

Summary: Treatment outcomes continue to improve. Emphasis rests on the timely and accurate identification of peroneal disorders, particularly in the setting of concomitant lateral ankle conditions. Missed lesions can result in a frustrating treatment scenario with additional technical challenges in surgery.