*Optum, Lincoln, RI
†Purdue Pharma LP, Stamford, CT
‡Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
§Department of Anesthesiology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC
∥Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine
¶Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, PA
Funded by Purdue Pharma, LP. This research received no support from NIH, Wellcome Trust, or the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. K.M. and A.Y. are full-time employees of Optum, which received payment from Purdue Pharma, LP to analyze the data and develop the manuscript. W.W., B.D., S.Y.L., and S.R.R. are full-time employees of Purdue Pharma, LP. The remaining authors declare no conflict of interest.
Reprints: Kate Miller, PhD, MPH, Optum, 24 Albion Road, Bldg. 400, Lincoln, RI 02865 (e-mail: [email protected]).
Received June 14, 2013
Received in revised form February 18, 2014
Accepted December 26, 2013