¹Translational Addiction Research Laboratory, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, ON, Canada

²Acute Care Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada

³Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.

⁴Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

⁵Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

⁶Department of Psychiatry, Division of Neurosciences and Clinical Translation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

⁷Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

Corresponding Author: Bernard Le Foll, MD, PhD, MCFP, AM, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 33 Ursula Franlin Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 2S1, Canada. Tel: +1 416 535 8501; E-mail: [email protected]

Disclosures: Dr Le Foll has obtained funding from Pfizer (GRAND Awards, including salary support) for investigator-initiated projects. Dr Le Foll has some in-kind donation of cannabis product from Aurora and medication donation from Pfizer and Bioprojet and was provided a coil for TMS study from Brainsway. Dr Le Foll has obtained industry funding from Canopy (through research grants handled by CAMH or University of Toronto), Bioprojet, ACS, and Alkermes. Dr Le Foll has received in kind donations of nabiximols from GW Pharma for past studies funded by CIHR and NIH.