1 Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA.
2 Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA.
3 Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA.
4 Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Alabama-Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
5 Department of Surgery, Division of Acute Care Surgery, University of Alabama-Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
6 Center for Injury Science, University of Alabama-Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
7 Department of Emergency Medicine, Virginia Comonwealth University, Richmond, VA.
8 Department of Information, Risk and Operations Management, McCombs School of Business, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX.
9 Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA.
10 Department of Informatics and Networked Systems, University of Pittsburgh School of Computing and Information, Pittsburgh, PA.
Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal’s website (http://journals.lww.com/ccmjournal).
Dr. Elmer’s institution received funding from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Dr. Elmer’s research time is supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) through grant 5K23NS097629. Drs. Elmer and Callaway received support for article research from the NIH. Dr. De-Arteaga’s institution received funding from Google and Microsoft; she received funding from Facebook and the Mathematical Sciences Research Institute. Dr. Callaway’s institution received funding from the NIH. The remaining authors have disclosed that they do not have any potential conflicts of interest.
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