*Division of Plastic, Reconstructive, Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; and the †Section of Plastic Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA.
Received Sep 13, 2002 and
in revised form Nov 7, 2002.
Accepted for publication Nov 7, 2002.
Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr Heitmann, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, University of Heidelberg, Ludwig Guttman Str. 13, 67071 Ludwigshafen, Germany.
Heitmann C, Guerra A, Metzinger SW, Levin LS, Allen RJ. The thoracodorsal artery perforator flap: anatomic basis and clinical application.