*Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI;
†Michigan Opioid Prescribing Engagement Network, Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; and
‡Center for Surgical Outcomes Research, the Abigail Wexner Research Institute, and the Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH.
[email protected].
This study was funded in part by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (E20180568-001) and the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (E20180672-00).
Dr. Englesbe and Dr. Waljee receive funding from Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services, and the University of Michigan Precision Health Initiative. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of SAMHSA or the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services.
Dr. Waljee receives research funding from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, the American College of Surgeons, and the American Foundation for Surgery of the Hand; serves as an unpaid consultant for 3 M Health Information systems.
The authors report no conflicts of interest.
Supplemental Digital Content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal’s website, www.annalsofsurgery.com.
