∗Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, Oakland, CA
†Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco East Bay Surgery Program, Oakland, CA
‡Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
§Department of Surgery, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD
¶Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
||Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alaska Native Medical Center, Anchorage, AK
∗∗Department of Anesthesiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
††Department of Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
‡‡Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
§§Surgeons OverSeas, New York City, NY
¶¶Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD.
[email protected].
Conception and design was performed by Drs. CE, BS, and ALK. Acquisition of data and analysis of data was performed by Drs. CE, BB, DD, RG, RG, SG, RG, MJH, AL, CN, MDT, EGW, and ALK. Analysis and interpretation of data was performed by Drs. CE, BB, DD, RG, SG, MJH, AL, DLM, CN, MDT, EGW, and ALK. All authors participated in drafting the article and/or revising it critically for important intellectual content.
All authors give final approval of the current version as submitted.
The authors report no conflicts of interest.