∗Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
†Division of Trauma, Burn, and Surgical Critical Care, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
‡Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
§Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
¶Division of Trauma, Emergency Surgery, and Surgical Critical Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
||Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
∗∗Division of Trauma, Acute Care Surgery, and Surgical Critical Care, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
††Division of Trauma, Burn, and Critical Care Surgery, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
[email protected].
The present original work was funded by the Center for Surgery and Public Health own resources.
Author contribution:
J.W., C.P.O., M.E.M., T.E.L., N.A., and K.M.H. performed the data collection; J.P.H.E., T.U.L., M.J., N.L.C., S.S., H.K., A.S., and D.N. made substantial contributions to conception and design of the study; all authors contributed substantially to analysis/interpretation of data, manuscript drafting/critical revision, and gave final approval of the version submitted.
The authors report no conflicts of interest.
Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal's Web site (www.annalsofsurgery.com).