∗International Centre for Surgical Safety, Keenan Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
†Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
‡Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
§Applied Health Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Reprints: James J. Jung, MD, 209 Victoria Street, 8th Floor East, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada. E-mail: [email protected].
Conflicts of interests: Dr Grantcharov holds intellectual property ownership of Surgical Safety Technologies Inc. and is supported by research grants from Medtronic Canada, Ethicon Canada, Baxter Canada, Olympus Canada, Takeda Canada, and Intuitive Canada. Drs Jung, Jüni, and Lebovic have nothing to declare.
Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal's Web site (www.annalsofsurgery.com).