^*Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio

^†Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tsinghua University Yuquan Hospital, Beijing, China

Reprints: Jun-Ming Zhang, MSc, MD, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0531, E-mail: [email protected]

Supported by NIH/NINDS Grant R01NS045594 (J-M Z).