In Brief:
IMPLICATIONS: This randomized double-blind clinical study demonstrates that both 2% and 4% lidocaine, administered topically to the airway by a spray-as-you-go technique with the fiberoptic bronchoscope, can provide clinically acceptable intubating conditions for awake fiberoptic orotracheal intubation. As compared with 4% lidocaine, however, 2% lidocaine requires a smaller dosage and results in lower plasma concentrations.
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