Coronary Artery Disease in Patients With Disorders of Bilirubin Excretion

Abstract

We aimed to determine the predictors of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with abnormal bilirubin excretion, that is, Gilbert syndrome, Crigler–Najjar syndrome, Dubin–Johnson syndrome, and Rotor syndrome. We analyzed data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, MD for the period 2009 to 2010. All patients ≥18 years of age with a primary diagnosis of “disorders of bilirubin excretion” [International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Edition, Clinical Modification (ICD-9CM) code 277.4] were included in the study. Primary outcome was to determine predictors of CAD in adult patients diagnosed with abnormal bilirubin excretion. We identified a total of 12,423 adult patients with bilirubin excretion disorder hospitalized during 2009–2010 (0.03% of all inpatient admissions). CAD was seen in 18% of patients, with a higher prevalence in men (21% in men vs. 13% in women, P < 0.0001). In multivariate logistic regression adjusted for demographic and traditional risk factors, hypertension [odds ratio (OR): 1.74; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.33–2.27, P < 0.001], hyperlipidemia (OR: 2.49; 95% CI, 1.95–3.18, P < 0.001), diabetes (OR: 1.46; 95% CI, 1.12–1.91, P = 0.01), and age (OR: 1.05; 95% CI, 1.04–1.06, P < 0.001) were found to be independent predictors of CAD in adult patients with abnormal bilirubin excretion. Female sex (OR: 0.49; 95% CI, 0.36–0.65, P < 0.001) demonstrated an inverse association in predicting CAD. There was increased prevalence of CAD in our patient population with increased prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors. Age, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia were found to be independent predictors of CAD.