From the Institute of Social Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany (MB, KS); Centre for Quality Management in Healthcare, Physicians’ Chamber of Lower Saxony, Hannover, Germany (TN); and Institute of Medical Sociology and Rehabilitation Science, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (IM, FMR).
All correspondence and requests for reprints should be addressed to: Matthias Bethge, PhD, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany.
MB and FMR planned and designed the study. MB, KS, and TN analyzed the data. KS, TN, and IM organized data management. All authors interpreted the data, drafted the manuscript, and read and approved the final manuscript.
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
This research was funded by the Federal German Pension Insurance.
Financial disclosure statements have been obtained, and no conflicts of interest have been reported by the authors or by any individuals in control of the content of this article.
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