With the use of antituberculotic medication, morbidity of tuberculosis (TB) has been greatly limited. There is a tendency of rising of morbidity of TB in special crowd. The clinical symptoms and laboratory tests could be obscure and difficult to evaluate. Arthroscopy-assisted debridement could be a good method for early diagnosis and treatment of knee joint TB. Debridement should be different according to different phases of disease. Synovium and normal tissues should be preserved as much as possible for the integrity of capsule and good blood supply that are essential for treatment of TB. Postoperative medication is the key factor for prevention of TB recurrence. The advantages of arthroscopically assisted debridement are the following: to confirm the diagnosis of TB, to minimize surgical trauma and facilitate rehabilitation, and to shorten the course of disease. Good pain control can facilitate postoperative rehabilitation.