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Health Physics:
September 2008 - Volume 95 - Issue 3 - pp 331-336
doi: 10.1097/01.HP.0000318883.79767.24
Paper

Monte Carlo Estimation of Radiation Doses in Red Bone Marrow and Breast in Common Pediatric X-Ray Examinations

Gialousis, George I.; Yakoumakis, Emmanuel N.; Dimitriadis, Anastasios I.; Papouli, Zografia K.; Yakoumakis, Nikolaos E.; Tsalafoutas, Ioannis A.; Papadopoulou, Despoina I.; Georgiou, Evangelos K.

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Abstract

Radiation exposure was investigated for children undergoing various common radiographies in three dedicated pediatric hospitals in Greece. Kerma in air at the entrance of the beam (Ka,e) was measured with thermoluminescent dosimeters. Ka,e values ranged from 0.09 mGy to 5.52 mGy and were found to be greater in Hospital C, because of the increased high voltage and time-current product used by the radiation technologists. Equivalent doses in red bone marrow and breast were estimated with Monte Carlo simulation by PCXMC code. Values ranged from 2 μSv to 204 μSv for red bone marrow and from 0 to 817 μSv for breast. Variation in doses occurred due to field size, high voltage setting, and Ka,e.

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