This article reviews selected recent literature specifically concerning pediatric hypertension, much of which has focused on measurement and monitoring of blood pressure, as well as on evaluating antihypertensive medications. Normative data for blood pressure in children have been widely available for some time, based upon seated in-office measurements. In recent years, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), facilitated by user-friendly instrumentation, has become more commonplace, though norms are not based on large populations. However, ABPM has important uses in assessing blood pressure as well as in monitoring antihypertensive. This review discusses issues involved in determining blood pressure, as well as the utility of ABPM in several situations. Recent developments concerning pediatric antihypertensive therapy are considered, as well as new information relevant to the diagnosis, course and treatment of hypertension in children and adolescents.